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Department of Geography and Environmental Studies. Department of Geography. Ryerson University. Nov 2. 01. 5 - Ryerson students, faculty, staff, and the local community were invited to explore and celebrate Geographic Information Systems (GIS) research and applications on GIS Day 2. Keynote presentations outlined the pervasive use of geospatial data analysis and mapping in business, municipal government, and environmental applications. Research posters, software demos, and course projects further illustrated the benefits of GIS across all sectors of society. Notable GIS Day exhibits included the Neptis Foundation's regional geoweb tool (in development with contributions from alumni); Prof April Lindgren's research project and map of news poverty across Canada (developed at the Ryerson Journalism Research Centre with contributions from Geography students); the Digital Media Experience lab's augmented- reality sandbox; 2. Master of Spatial Analysis geovisualization projects from the course SA8. Cartography and Geovisualization; and select undergraduate, graduate, and faculty research and course posters. To the left is a set of snapshots taken by @RUDean. Dear Colleagues, Please see the announcement below from the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) for team-based, interdisciplinary research support. Applications are due October 7, and this is an opportunity. Geography is the science of place, space, and environment. Each place on earth is distinguished by a unique mix of natural resources, cultural practices, and economic and political systems. Geographers study what makes each. Of. Arts Dr. A full account of the social media coverage of GIS Day 2. Ryerson can be found at https: //storify. Claus. Rinner/gis- day- 2. The event was co- organized by @Ryerson. Geo and the Ryerson University Library and Archives' Geospatial Map and Data Centre. Department of Geography and Environmental Management University of Waterloo 200 University Avenue West Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada. Archaeology, Ethics, Social Theory, Moral Philosophy, History, Geography, Western Civilization, United States History, Civil War, Paul Roebuck, Ph.D. Welcome to the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies at Ryerson University. We are located in the downtown core of Toronto, one of the World’s most diverse cities. Please explore our knowledgeable people, broad. Villanova University is a Catholic university founded in 1842 by the Order of Saint Augustine. At Villanova, our educational experience is rooted in a passionate, collaborative pursuit of knowledge and service to others. Area expertise focuses upon the Mississippi Valley, southern U. S., Latin America, China, central Asia and Afghanistan, the Middle East and North Africa. In each division, there are numerous programs of research directed by outstanding scholars in the discipline. Physical Geography. Coastal and Aeolian Geomorphology & Management. Climatology. Fluvial Geomorphology. Hydrology. Quaternary Studies. Global Environmental Change. Tropical Climatology/Meteorology. Human Geography. Agricultural and Economic Geography. Cultural Geography. Feminist Geography. Historical Geography. Environmental Geography & Political Ecology. Urban Geography. Medical Geography. Anthropology and Geography. Regional Geography. Geography Phd Programs OnlineUnited States: Louisiana, US South,Gulf Coast, Mississippi Valley and the American West. Latin America & Caribbean. South Asia. China. Central Asia and Afghanistan. Middle East and North Africa. Geography Phd Programs RankingMethodology. Mapping Sciences & GISGeographic History and Thought. Historic Maps & Archival Analysis. Fieldwork. Qualitative Methods. Anthropology. Anthropology offers programs leading to the B. A. South and Gulf Coast, the Caribbean, and Africa. Gender, Place, and Culture. Language, Identity, and Performance. Public Culture, Festivals & Performance. Southeast US & Latin America. Caribbean & African Diaspora. Material Culture Studies. Maya and Andean Prehistory. Coastal and Historical Archaeology. Osteology, Anatomy & Fertility. Biological & Forensic Anthropology. Degree Requirements. Requirements for the M. S. Students select a concentration in either Geography or Anthropology within the concentration studies; at minimum take Intro to Grad Studies, Research Methods, a 7. Students in all concentrations of Geography including cultural, economic, urban, historical geography, physical geography and GIS/mapping sciences enroll in the M. S. A proposal and defended thesis is required for completion of the M. S. Such knowledge may be obtained by enrollment in specific courses or through independent study, either at LSU or at some other institution. GEOG 7. 90. 1—Introduction to Graduate Study. GEOG 7. 90. 2—Research Methods in Geography. GEOG 8. 00. 0)Summary of Anthropology Master’s Course Requirements. A minimum of 3. 1 hours is required for the master’s degree. Of those 3. 1, at least 6 hours are thesis hours (ANTH 8. Introduction to Graduate Study (ANTH 7. The remaining 2. 4 hours of course work include 9 hours (3 courses) at the 7. Of those 9 hours, at least 6 hours (2 courses) must be earned in seminars. These seminars are generally taken within the department, but seminars can be taken in other departments, in consultation with the student’s major professor. The student must take each seminar from a different faculty member. ANTH 7. 90. 1 Introduction to Graduate Study. ANTH 4. 08. 5 History of Anthropological Thought (or advanced theory course if equivalent already taken)3 of 4 required 4. Methods Course (selected in consultation with advisor- see Form 5)6 hours of thesis research (ANTH 8. Summary of Geography and Anthropology Doctoral Course Requirements. The Doctor of Philosophy (Ph. D.) is the highest degree offered at LSU. It recognizes and demands mastery of one or more subfields of the discipline. Doctoral students go far beyond the level required for lesser degrees, and their work is expected to be of such quality that it could grace the pages of scholarly books and journals. Although doctoral students are expected to exhibit the intellectual breadth required of an academic position, the Ph. D. The cognate courses or minor must be listed on the student’s program of study. Requirements for a graduate minor are determined by the department issuing the minor (for example History, French Studies, Geology) and not by Geography & Anthropology. Students pursuing an external minor must have one member from the minor department on their committee. Geography Ph. D students may pursue a minor in Anthropology. The cognate field requirement is composed of a suite of courses—nine hours in cognate fields —of which at least three credit hours should be in an upper- level seminar (usually 7. The courses need not be within a single discipline. Additional graduate assistantships are funded through research grants by the NSF, NOAA, BOEM EDA, and others. Others are funded by allied units within the university. We seek highly qualified students who will contribute to expanding the diversity of the disciplines of Geography and Anthropology. Huel Perkins Fellowships support recruitment of highly qualified Ph. D. The Pruitt Fellowship supports the advancement of women in the Master’s and Ph. D. Others work in public service, the private sector, and the NGO/non- profit sector, including USGS, FEMA, EPA, DEQ, FEMA, FBI, NPS, LDFR, Louisiana Department of Culture, Recreation, and Tourism, and LA Governor. Kent Mathewson, (2. For questions about the requirements for the Ph. D Program in Geography & Anthropology, please contact Prof. Heather Mc. Killop (2. For more information on the graduate programs in both geography and anthropology – including the master’s and doctoral examinations, steps toward master’s and doctoral degrees, and other information not given here – please contact the Department of Geography and Anthropology’s Graduate Office. Students are also encouraged to visit the LSU Graduate School website for general graduate regulations and information. In addition, students are invited to speak to any faculty member involving classes and specialties. Shop from the world’s largest selection and best deals for Adobe Image, Video and Audio Software. Enter your search keyword. 14 + Adobe Premiere Elements 14. Adobe Photoshop Elements 3. Windows) review. With version 3. Adobe Photoshop Elements has finally developed a personality of its own. No longer simply a stripped- down version of Photoshop, this $9. Buy Adobe Premiere Elements 14 on Amazon.com FREE. Business Software Best Sellers New Releases Deals Your Software. Adobe Premiere Elements supported. Adobe Photoshop Elements. Get the Photoshop Elements & Premiere Elements bundle — everything you need for amazing photos. Adobe Premiere Elements. Elements can pump up your digital movie's aural impact. Adobe Premiere Elements 14 software helps you create stunning. Adobe Premiere Elements 14. Microsoft, Ulead, and Jasc. Though folks looking for a cheap version of Photoshop will likely be disappointed, overall Adobe does a better job of addressing the needs of consumer digital photographers with this version than the last. Unless you gravitated toward previous versions of Elements for its low- budget resemblance to Photoshop, version 3. And if you're still searching for a hobbyist- friendly imaging program, it's definitely worth a look. First, there's a lot more hand- holding. Video Editing Software; Adobe Premiere Elements. Adobe Premiere Elements 3.0. Update your registered copy of Adobe Premiere 6.0 to version.Find great deals on eBay for adobe photoshop cd adobe. Adobe Photoshop Elements 5.0 And Premiere Elements 3.0 WIN XP CD ROM Software. For instance, the program now has three different interfaces for retouching images: an Auto Fix window, which provides a handful of automatic tools; a Quick Fix editor that offers a full set of retouching options but with friendlier tool implementations; and Standard Editor, which provides a more Photoshop- like interface for all the tools. Version 2. 0's Recipes have evolved into the more common How To, and there are a lot more automated, template- based projects. The program also encompasses a wider set of capabilities than before, from its much- improved Organizer to its ability to burn discs and back up photos. On the acquisition and organization front, version 3. Photoshop CS2's; camera phones; and offline storage, such as CDs and DVDs. While Adobe does a credible job of cramming all these new tools within the interface, it has a tendency to be too controlling; there are a lot more places where you have to commit changes or can't use a particular view. Furthermore, Adobe has reduced color management to three options- -None, Limited (uses s. RGB), and Full (uses Adobe. RGB)- -but there's no place to set your display color space, so images don't consistently show up accurately. And some of its automatic operations don't produce good results, although its red- eye removal works particularly well. Click the image for a visual tour of Elements' interface and features. Unfortunately, Elements can be a memory and CPU hog. For instance, on our primary test system, a 2. GHz Pentium 4 with 5. MB of RAM, it sometimes took 4. Though Elements handles raw files, anything exceeding 1. MB slowed a fast P4 with 1. GB of RAM to a mild crawl, and background thumbnail creation in Organizer brought the interface to knees. Inexplicably, however, with both of the same systems, the program worked smoothly and relatively quickly on some days. As always, Adobe's support is exemplary. Its Web site contains tutorials, troubleshooting tips, support announcements, a searchable knowledge base, and even a place to submit feature requests. Adobe itself hosts forums, where you can get help from other users, as well as some pricey paid- support options: $3. A host of third- party books and a sprinkling of Web sites should keep you from needing to resort to paid support, however.
Grim's Pumpkin Patch . Schantz Road, Breinigsville, PA 1. Find breaking news, commentary, and archival information about Pumpkin Patch From The tribunedigital-mcall. Lehigh Valley has lots of Halloween Attractions. In addition, within a short ride are some of the scariest haunted houses and attractions available. Fall Brings Corn Mazes and Apple Picking to Lehigh Valley. Covering Art, Entertainment, and Dining around Lehigh Valley and Beyond; visit discoverlehighvalley.com. He was formerly a key member of east London’s N. A. S. T. Y. However In his younger years Kano was a promising footballer, representing Chelsea F. C., West Ham United and Norwich City by the age of thirteen. His cousins Jonathan Fortune and Clayton Fortune have played for clubs like Charlton Athletic and Aldershot Town respectively. Where can i download kano beats and bars mp3 mxtape? Kano discography and songs: Music profile for Kano. Jack Bauer: The 7 Day Edition. Search Results; How to get the best out of your marketing campaign Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Quisque lacinia velit libero, tempus fringilla tortor condimentum vitae; Shutdown Mixtape Danach begann Kano seine Solokarriere und arbeitete an seinem ersten Soloalbum Home Sweet Home (2005). November 2005) Kano Mixtape (14. April 2007) Run the Road (featured) (24. Januar 2005) MC No.1 (7. Find a Kano (4) - Beats + Bars first pressing or reissue. Complete your Kano (4) collection. Label: Not On Label - KANOMIX01 Kano first became known on the UK grime scene for his work with his original group, N. A. S. T. Y Crew, which included members such as Ghetto. From this springboard he was signed as a solo artist and began work on his debut solo album. Rap on the underground scene on Flava F. M as a youth after a couple of years he was scooped up by N. A. S. T. Y. Crew (Natural Artistic Sounds Touching You) who were an east London- based Grime crew . N. A. S. T. Y Crew was founded by Marcus Nasty with the original and most popular line up consisting of Kano, Jammer, D Double E, Ghetto, Stormin, Mak 1. Sharky Major & Hyper . N. A. S. T. Y Crew had one of the most popular shows on pirate radio station Deja Vu on Monday nights from 8pm to 1. Dizzee Rascal, Durrty Goodz, Wiley etc. Kano used the crews underground popularity as a springboard and left N. A. S. T. Y. His first solo track was . Kano is still to this day fondly remembered by his early Grime fans for being a member of N. A. S. T. Y crew. Kano first became known in the UK grime scene for his work with his original group, N. A. S. T. Y. From this springboard he was signed as a solo artist and began work on his d. He went up against Wiley on Lord of the Mics 1 in one of the most recognised grime clashes, despite only being 1. Jammer, a well- known grime MC and producer. Shortly afterwards Kano released his debut solo single, . It remains Kano's highest charting single to date. Two weeks later, on 2. June 2. 00. 5, Kano's highly anticipated d. The week his album was released, it was the highest new entry, debuting inside the UK top 4. In September 2. 00. In December 2. 00. Kano released a remixed version of album track . The track was also featured as a b- side on CD: 2 of . On March 1. 3, 2. Kano released the fifth and final single from the album, a double A- side of . The single was released on a vinyl format only, and included a free sticker, which made it ineligible for chart inclusion. Home Sweet Home gained Gold status in the UK. The album was well reviewed across the British press, most notably in The Independent and The Observer, two of the UK's major newspapers. Many artists in the UK and in America expressed positive views of the album, including Busta Rhymes, Nas, RZA, Jay- Z, Andre 3. Chuck D of Public Enemy. In 2. 00. 5 the East London, East Ham UK Grime/Hip Hop (Grip Hop) artist, Kano released . The former N. A. S. T. Y (Natural Artistic Sounds Touching You) crew member has been consistent ambassador of Grime. Towards the end of 2. Kano released a mixtape, Beats & Bars, which was only made available at his concerts. This included underground hits and showcased Kano's ability to rap over hip hop beats and grime instrumentals. Kano’s music was also featured on Run the Road, a compilation containing sixteen tracks of the best of 2. The compilation included contributions from other popular grime artists as well, including Wiley, Dizzee Rascal, and Lady Sovereign. Kano performed a verse on the track, “Destruction VIP,” and was featured on three other tracks, including “P’s and Q’s.”. He performed tracks such as . Kano confirmed on the show that his next album was to be called . This included new material such as I Write Bars Till The Milkman Comes, the track Layer Cake (inspired by the film Layer Cake) and also Kano's own versions of hip hop songs including Jay- Z's Public Service Announcement, Nas's Black Republican and Kanye West's My Way Home. The mixtape also included a preview of Buss It Up, a song which featured on the later release London Town. London Town was released on September 1. Along with Craig David the album features collaborations with Blur and Gorillaz front- man Damon Albarn, Kate Nash, and Vybz Kartel. After the release of the album, Kano toured the UK as well as performing the whole album at the Jazz Cafe in October 2. Grime St / Singles. In 2. 00. 8, Kano no longer was signed to 6. Recordings as he wished to return to his . Soon after in April, he released a mixtape called Mc No. Grime Street hit the shelves. Despite the fact that Kano had said he wanted to go back to making grime music for 1. Grime Street, in MC No. American hip hop beats for the songs, yet it was still well received by fans. Grime Street was released on 2. September 2. 00. 8 through BPM (Bigger Picture Music). The majority of the album was produced by Mikey J, with Wiley and Da. Vin. Che supplying two beats each, and Skepta handing the production for the song These MC's. The album featured guest appearances from Ghetto, Skepta, Wiley, and Mikey J. The first single released was Hustler. Kano's new single, . The single was officially released in October. The video for the single has since been released. The second release from Kano's 1. Grime St is called . The video was also released on Kano's official You. Tube page. The track was written for a campaign to promote the Diploma and was given away for free exclusively from The Diploma website < http: //yp. The music video was made with the help of Diploma students from all around the country. The TV ad shows Kano walking through a crowd of students whose Diploma qualifications pop up in bubbles above them. The tasks students helped with on the video related to the course they were studying for. Creative and media students helped in producing the video and construction students helped make the set. Kano said in interview for the Sunday Times that he wanted to “inspire people, but not in a way that’s patronising and preachy”. He collaborates with fellow British rapper Bashy and the National Orchestra for Arabic Music on the track . After the album's release Kano was interviewed by The Guardian and he discussed how he enjoyed working with Bashy for the first time and how Damon Albarn and himself were both on the same page musically. In September Kano announced a 4 track collaborative EP with producer Mikey J. The EP was title 'Not For The A List' because Kano didn't want anything to stand in his way when it came to making the music. Also making sure it was a different DJ each week that spans a timeline of 4 weeks. The first track was titled 'Random Antics' . The DJ had to get permission from his boss to play it. The track features Ghetts. The remix has vocals from Kano, Labrinth, Tinie Tempah, Wretch 3. Busta Rhymes. Kano also features on the official remix of british MC Scorcher's single It's All Love, alongside Wretch 3. Bashy and singer Talay Riley. He also won an award at the first Channel U . On New Year's Eve 2. Kano was announced as one of . He was also nominated for a BRIT Award for Best Urban Act in January 2. Kano made a small cameo appearance in the new British film, Rollin' with the Nines. The Independent (London). The Independent (London). Wiley, Wretch 3. 2 x Scorcher (Official Music Video). Scorcher, Kano & Wretch 3. Download PDF Opens in a new. Biocomposites reinforced with natural fibers. The degradation tests demonstrated that the prepared sisal/plasticized wood flour. UNIT II CONCRETE 9 Properties of fresh concrete.properties and applications. Structural Engineering 2. Structural Engineering.pdf. A state of art review and future applications. Plastic solid waste (PSW) of polymers (like: high density polyethylene (HDPE), low density polyethylene (LDPE), Nylon etc.) is creating new challenges, which in today's scenario are major research concerns. A sharp rise has been observed in production of different products based on different plastic material. This huge increase in plastic commodities also increases the waste generation thus creating new challenges. Some researchers have reported work in the field of PSW management with different recycling methods. This paper compiles the different research work done by researchers in this field of recycling and progress in recovery and management of PSW by different methods (i. Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary) along with the various identification/separation techniques. Further, this paper reviews the effect on properties of virgin and recycled HDPE/LDPE/Nylon PSW with different reinforcements like sand, natural fibre, hemp fibre, metal powder etc.. Plasticizer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Plasticizers (UK: plasticisers) or dispersants are additives that increase the plasticity or fluidity of a material. The dominant applications are for plastics, especially polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The properties of other materials are also improved when blended with plasticizers including concrete, clays, and related products. According to 2. 01. Korolev PECULIAR RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH-STRENGTH LIGHTWEIGHT CONCRETES HAVING HOLLOW MICROSPHERES The most important characteristics of. Plasticized PVC has a. S.,2006a.“Hyper spectral Imaging Based Techniques. The use of fillers in plasticized concrete mixtures can reduce the specific. The influence of some Hyper-plasticizers on the. PVC water stops are for use in concrete joints subjected. PVC Water Bar offeredare developed using specially formulated plasticized PVC compound so as to. Article (PDF Available). Almost 9. 0% of plasticizers are used in PVC, giving this material improved flexibility and durability. Plastic items containing plasticizers exhibit improved flexibility and durability. Plasticizers can become available for exposure due to migration and abrasion of the plastic since they are not bound to the polymer matrix. Ester plasticizers are selected based upon cost- performance evaluation. The rubber compounder must evaluate ester plasticizers for compatibility, processibility, permanence and other performance properties. The wide variety of ester chemistries that are in production include sebacates, adipates, terephthalates, dibenzoates, gluterates, phthalates, azelates, and other specialty blends. This broad product line provides an array of performance benefits required for the many elastomer applications such as tubing and hose products, flooring, wall- coverings, seals and gaskets, belts, wire and cable, and print rolls. Low to high polarity esters provide utility in a wide range of elastomers including nitrile, polychloroprene, EPDM, chlorinated polyethylene, and epichlorohydrin. Plasticizer- elastomer interaction is governed by many factors such as solubility parameter, molecular weight, and chemical structure. Compatibility and performance attributes are key factors in developing a rubber formulation for a particular application. The effect of plasticizers on modulus is dependent on both temperature and plasticizer concentration. Below a certain concentration, referred to as the crossover concentration, a plasticizer can increase the modulus of a material. The material's glass transition temperature will decrease however, at all concentrations. In addition to a crossover concentration a crossover temperature exists. Below the crossover temperature the plasticizer will also increase the modulus. Antiplasticizers can be defined as any small molecule or oligomer additive which increases the modulus while decreasing the glass transition temperature. Ester plasticizers. These compounds are selected on the basis of many critieria including low toxicity, compatibility with the host material, nonvolatility, and expense. Phthalate esters of straight- chain and branched- chain alkyl alcohols meet these specifications and are common plasticizers. Ortho- phthalate esters have traditionally been the most dominant plasticizers, but regulatory concerns have led to pressure to change to non- phthalate plasticizers, especially in Europe. For concrete. In order to produce stronger concrete, less water is added (without . This method of mix proportioning is especially popular when producing high- strength concrete and fiber- reinforced concrete. Adding 1- 2% plasticizer per unit weight of cement is usually sufficient. Adding an excessive amount of plasticizer will result in excessive segregation of concrete and is not advisable. Depending on the particular chemical used, use of too much plasticizer may result in a retarding effect. Plasticizers are commonly manufactured from pop lignosulfonates, a by- product from the paper industry. Superplasticizers have generally been manufactured from sulfonatednaphthalene condensate or sulfonated melamine formaldehyde, although newer products based on polycarboxylic ethers are now available. Traditional lignosulfonate- based plasticisers, naphthalene and melamine sulfonate- based superplasticisers disperse the flocculated cement particles through a mechanism of electrostatic repulsion (see colloid). In normal plasticisers, the active substances are adsorbed on to the cement particles, giving them a negative charge, which leads to repulsion between particles. Lignin, naphthalene and melamine sulfonate superplasticisers are organic polymers. The long molecules wrap themselves around the cement particles, giving them a highly negative charge so that they repel each other. Polycarboxylate ethersuperplasticizer (PCE) or just polycarboxylate (PC), work differently from sulfonate- based superplasticizers, giving cement dispersion by steric stabilisation, instead of electrostatic repulsion. This form of dispersion is more powerful in its effect and gives improved workability retention to the cementitious mix. In order to reduce the energy in drying wallboard, less water is added, which makes the gypsum mixture very unworkable and difficult to mix, necessitating the use of plasticizers, water reducers or dispersants. Some studies also show that too much of lignosulfonate dispersant could result in a set- retarding effect. Data showed that amorphous crystal formations occurred that detracted from the mechanical needle- like crystal interaction in the core, preventing a stronger core. The sugars, chelating agents in lignosulfonates such as Aldonic acids and extractive compounds are mainly responsible for set retardation. These low range water reducing dispersants are commonly manufactured from lignosulfonates, a by- product from the paper industry. High range superplasticizers (dispersants) have generally been manufactured from sulfonatednaphthalene condensate, although polycarboxylic ethers represent more modern alternatives. Both of these high range water reducers are used at 1/2 to 1/3 of the lignosulfonate types. In normal plasticisers, the active substances are adsorbed on to the gypsum particles, giving them a negative charge, which leads to repulsion between particles. Lignin and naphthalene sulfonate plasticizers are organic polymers. The long molecules wrap themselves around the gypsum particles, giving them a highly negative charge so that they repel each other. This decades- old plastic lamp cord crumbles when flexed, due to loss of the plasticizers. Plasticizers for energetic materials. An energetic plasticizer improves the physical properties of an energetic material while also increasing its specific energy yield. Energetic plasticizers are usually preferred to non- energetic plasticizers, especially for solid rocket propellants. Energetic plasticizers reduce the required mass of propellant, enabling a rocket vehicle to carry more payload or reach higher velocities than would otherwise be the case. However, safety or cost considerations may demand that non- energetic plasticizers be used, even in rocket propellants. The solid rocket propellant used to fuel the Space Shuttlesolid rocket booster employs HTPB, a synthetic rubber, as a non- energetic plasticizer/binder/secondary fuel. Effect on health. Some common phthalate plasticizers are. Bis(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), used in construction materials and medical devices. Bis(2- propylheptyl) phthalate (DPHP), used in cables, wires and roofing materials. Diisononyl phthalate (DINP), used in flooring materials, found in garden hoses, shoes, toys, and building materials. Di- n- butyl phthalate (Dn. BP, DBP), used for cellulose plastics, food wraps, adhesives, perfumes, and cosmetics - about a third of nail polishes, glosses, enamels, and hardeners contain it, together with some shampoos, sunscreens, skin emollients, and insect repellents. Butyl benzyl phthalate (BBz. P) is found in vinyl tiles, traffic cones, food conveyor belts, artificial leather, and plastic foams. Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP), used for insulation of wires and cables, car undercoating, shoes, carpets, pool liners. Dioctyl phthalate (DOP or Dn. OP), used in flooring materials, carpets, notebook covers, and high explosives, such as Semtex. Together with DEHP it was the most common plasticizers. Diisooctyl phthalate (DIOP), all- purpose plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, rubbers, cellulose plastics, and polyurethane. Diethyl phthalate (DEP)Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP)Di- n- hexyl phthalate, used in flooring materials, tool handles, and automobile parts. Trimellitates. Some such plasticizers are: Acetylated monoglycerides; these can be used as food additives. Alkyl citrates, used in food packagings, medical products, cosmetics and children toys. Triethyl citrate (TEC)Acetyl triethyl citrate (ATEC), higher boiling point and lower volatility than TECTributyl citrate (TBC)Acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC), compatible with PVC and vinyl chloride copolymers. Trioctyl citrate (TOC), also used for gums and controlled release medicines. Acetyl trioctyl citrate (ATOC), also used for printing ink. Trihexyl citrate (THC), compatible with PVC, also used for controlled release medicines. Acetyl trihexyl citrate (ATHC), compatible with PVCButyryl trihexyl citrate (BTHC, trihexyl o- butyryl citrate), compatible with PVCTrimethyl citrate (TMC), compatible with PVCGreen plasticizers. Plasticizers for energetic materials. TMETN, DEGDN, BDNPF and BDNPA have relatively low energies. NG and DEGN have relatively high vapor pressure. Cadogan and Christopher J. Maeda, Y.; Paul, D. Archived December 7, 2. Wayback Machine.^. Journal of the American Ceramic Society. Volume publication date April 2. First published on January 1. DOI: 1. 0. 1. 14. The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy. Management of Training (Classroom, 5 days)Additional information. 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Advanced Project Management Training Courses Relating to Programme Management Our subject matter experts and industry professionals have developed a Programme Management Curriculum, to help all programme managers excel within their organisations. Database Mirroring (SQL Server). Avoid using this feature in new development work, and plan to modify applications that currently use this feature. Use Always On Availability Groups instead. Database mirroring is a solution for increasing the availability of a SQL Server database. Mirroring is implemented on a per- database basis and works only with databases that use the full recovery model. In this Topic: Database mirroring is a simple strategy that offers the following benefits: Increases availability of a database. In the event of a disaster, in high- safety mode with automatic failover, failover quickly brings the standby copy of the database online (without data loss). In the other operating modes, the database administrator has the alternative of forcing service (with possible data loss) to the standby copy of the database. For more information, see Role Switching, later in this topic. Increases data protection. Database mirroring provides complete or almost complete redundancy of the data, depending on whether the operating mode is high- safety or high- performance. For more information, see Operating Modes, later in this topic. A database mirroring partner running on SQL Server 2. Enterprise or later versions automatically tries to resolve certain types of errors that prevent reading a data page. The partner that is unable to read a page requests a fresh copy from the other partner. If this request succeeds, the unreadable page is replaced by the copy, which usually resolves the error. For more information, see Automatic Page Repair (Availability Groups: Database Mirroring). Improves the availability of the production database during upgrades. To minimize downtime for a mirrored database, you can sequentially upgrade the instances of SQL Server that are hosting the failover partners. This will incur the downtime of only a single failover. This form of upgrade is known as a rolling upgrade. This article describes what the SQL Server database mirroring is, shows advantages and disadvantages of using it, provides some insights of setting up the database. For more information, see Upgrading Mirrored Instances. The only form of role switching is forced service (with possible data loss). High- safety mode. The database mirroring session operates synchronously and, optionally, uses a witness, as well as the principal server and mirror server. A failover initiated by the database owner, while the principal server is still running, that transfers service from the principal database to the mirror database while they are in a synchronized state. The copy of the database that is typically fully synchronized with the principal database. In a database mirroring configuration, the server instance on which the mirror database resides. In a database mirroring configuration, the server instance on which the mirror database resides. In database mirroring, a read- write database whose transaction log records are applied to a read- only copy of the database (a mirror database). In database mirroring, the partner whose database is currently the principal database. Received transaction log records that are waiting on the disk of a mirror server. The principal server and mirror server perform complementary principal and mirror roles. Optionally, the role of witness is performed by a third server instance. The taking over of the principal role by the mirror. Unsent transaction log records that have accumulated on the log disk of the principal server. The relationship that occurs during database mirroring among the principal server, mirror server, and witness server (if present). After a mirroring session starts or resumes, the process by which log records of the principal database that have accumulated on the principal server are sent to the mirror server, which writes these log records to disk as quickly as possible to catch up with the principal server. Transaction safety. A mirroring- specific database property that determines whether a database mirroring session operates synchronously or asynchronously. There are two safety levels: FULL and OFF. Witness. For use only with high- safety mode, an optional instance of SQL Server that enables the mirror server to recognize when to initiate an automatic failover. Unlike the two failover partners, the witness does not serve the database. Supporting automatic failover is the only role of the witness. Typically, these server instances reside on computers in different locations. Starting database mirroring on a database, initiates a relationship, known as a database mirroring session, between these server instances. One server instance serves the database to clients (the principal server).
The other instance acts as a hot or warm standby server (the mirror server), depending on the configuration and state of the mirroring session. When a database mirroring session is synchronized, database mirroring provides a hot standby server that supports rapid failover without a loss of data from committed transactions. When the session is not synchronized, the mirror server is typically available as a warm standby server (with possible data loss). The principal and mirror servers communicate and cooperate as partners in a database mirroring session. The two partners perform complementary roles in the session: the principal role and the mirror role. At any given time, one partner performs the principal role, and the other partner performs the mirror role. Each partner is described as owning its current role. The partner that owns the principal role is known as the principal server, and its copy of the database is the current principal database. The partner that owns the mirror role is known as the mirror server, and its copy of the database is the current mirror database. When database mirroring is deployed in a production environment, the principal database is the production database. Database mirroring involves redoing every insert, update, and delete operation that occurs on the principal database onto the mirror database as quickly as possible. Redoing is accomplished by sending a stream of active transaction log records to the mirror server, which applies log records to the mirror database, in sequence, as quickly as possible. Unlike replication, which works at the logical level, database mirroring works at the level of the physical log record. Upgrading Mirrored Instances. Upgrading Mirrored Instances. Add or Replace a Database Mirroring Witness (SQL Server Management Studio). Recommended process for patching windows server when using SQL Server mirroring. Beginning in SQL Server 2. This log compression occurs in all mirroring sessions. A server instance can be a partner in some sessions and a witness in other sessions. The mirror server instance must be running the same edition of SQL Server. In This Section. Under asynchronous operation, the transactions commit without waiting for the mirror server to write the log to disk, which maximizes performance. Under synchronous operation, a transaction is committed on both partners, but at the cost of increased transaction latency. There are two mirroring operating modes. One of them, high- safety mode supports synchronous operation. Under high- safety mode, when a session starts, the mirror server synchronizes the mirror database together with the principal database as quickly as possible. As soon as the databases are synchronized, a transaction is committed on both partners, at the cost of increased transaction latency. The second operating mode, high- performance mode, runs asynchronously. The mirror server tries to keep up with the log records sent by the principal server. The mirror database might lag somewhat behind the principal database. However, typically, the gap between the databases is small. However, the gap can become significant if the principal server is under a heavy work load or the system of the mirror server is overloaded. In high- performance mode, as soon as the principal server sends a log record to the mirror server, the principal server sends a confirmation to the client. It does not wait for an acknowledgement from the mirror server. This means that transactions commit without waiting for the mirror server to write the log to disk. Such asynchronous operation enables the principal server to run with minimum transaction latency, at the potential risk of some data loss. All database mirroring sessions support only one principal server and one mirror server. This configuration is shown in the following illustration. High- safety mode with automatic failover requires a third server instance, known as a witness. Unlike the two partners, the witness does not serve the database. The witness supports automatic failover by verifying whether the principal server is up and functioning. The mirror server initiates automatic failover only if the mirror and the witness remain connected to each other after both have been disconnected from the principal server. The following illustration shows a configuration that includes a witness. For more information, see Role Switching, later in this topic. However, when you are upgrading to SQL Server 2. For more information, see Upgrading Mirrored Instances. If you exclusively use SQL Server Management Studio to configure database mirroring, transaction safety settings are configured automatically when you select the operation mode. If you use Transact- SQL to configure database mirroring, you must understand how to set transaction safety. Transaction safety is controlled by the SAFETY property of the ALTER DATABASE statement. On a database that is being mirrored, SAFETY is either FULL or OFF. If the SAFETY option is set to FULL, database mirroring operation is synchronous, after the initial synchronizing phase. If a witness is set in high- safety mode, the session supports automatic failover. If the SAFETY option is set to OFF, database mirroring operation is asynchronous. The session runs in high- performance mode, and the WITNESS option should also be OFF. For more information, see Database Mirroring Operating Modes. Role switching involves transferring the principal role to the mirror server. In role switching, the mirror server acts as the failover partner for the principal server. When a role switch occurs, the mirror server takes over the principal role and brings its copy of the database online as the new principal database. Department of International Relations - Department of International Relations. IR Department Public Lecture Series Michaelmas Term 2. The Department of International Relations is delighted to confirm an array of speakers for our Public Lecture series beginning Michaelmas Term 2. Simmons of Harvard University; and Nathalie Tocci, Special Adviser to EU HRVP Federica Mogherini, in charge of coordination of work on a new European Security Strategy, on Brexit and the EU Global Strategy. Confirmed speakers so far include Professor Valerie M. Hudson, Professor and George H. W. Bush Chair in the Bush School of Government and Public Service at Texas A& M University, and Jeffrey W. Taliaferro, Associate Professor of Political Science at Tufts University. Foreign Policy program at the Council on Foreign Relations seeks. By analyzing the forces driving and shaping foreign policy. International Affairs Fellowship (IAF) for Tenured International Relations Scholars.
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